What term describes the female figure columns used as supports on Greek architecture?

• A. Atlantes
• B. Pediments
• C. Caryatids
• D. Columns

Answer: (C)

In Greek architecture, figures used as supporting columns are called Caryatids. They perform the role of a column—carrying the weight of the entablature—while appearing as sculpted female figures draped in clothing. This combination of form and function creates a striking architectural feature, marrying sculpture with structural support. The most famous example is the Porch of the Maidens on the Erechtheion, where six Caryatids lift the roof beam and distribute load along the facade.

Atlantes are the male counterpart to Caryatids, serving the same structural purpose. Pediments refer to the triangular gables at the ends of a roofline, a decorative element rather than a sculpted support. Columns are the ordinary vertical supports without such sculptural figures.